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빅데이터플랫폼기술동향
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[기술동향] [미국] USGS, 미래 대수층 모니터링 최적화 위해 아이다호 지하수 데이터 분석
[미국] USGS, 미래 대수층 모니터링 최적화 위해 아이다호 지하수 데이터 분석
미국 지질조사(USGS) 과학자들이 에너지부의 아이다호 국립연구소(INL)에서 수집한 30년 이상의 수질 데이터 분석을 발표했다. 이 데이터는 동부 스네이크 강 평원 대수층에서의 향상된 지하수 수질을 위한 장기 트렌드를 밝혀낸다. 이러한 결과는 INL 지점에서 대수층 모니터링 네트워크를 최적화하는 데에 사용될 예정이다.
USGS의 INL 프로젝트 부서 관리자인 Roy Bartholomay는 “INL에서의 아이다호 정화 프로젝트는 동부 스네이크 강 평원 대수층의 수질에 긍정적인 효과를 갖고 있다”며 “이번 연구로 얻은 트렌드 데이터는 그 점을 확인했고, 나아가 우리가 미래를 위한 모니터링 노력을 개선하는 데에 도움을 줄 것이다”라고 말했다.
[원문내용]
USGS analyzes Idaho groundwater data to optimize future aquifer monitoring
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists have released analyses of more than 30 years of water-quality data collected at the U.S. Department of Energy\'s Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Site. The data reveals long-term trends toward improved groundwater quality in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. Those results will be used to optimize the aquifer monitoring network at the INL Site.
"The Idaho Cleanup Project at the INL Site is having a positive effect on the water quality of the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer," said Roy Bartholomay, manager of the USGS INL Project Office. "The trend data from this study confirm that and will help us to refine our monitoring efforts going forward."
USGS scientists analyzed data collected from 99 wells at the INL Site between 1981 and 2012. The study focused on wells possibly affected by wastewater disposal that occurred from the early 1950s until the late 1980s on the premises. The data analyzed included concentrations of tritium, strontium-90, major cations, anions, nutrients, trace elements, total organic carbon, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Key findings include:·Long-term trends in the concentrations of radionuclides such as tritium and strontium-90 show that improved wastewater disposal practices are helping to reduce concentrations of those constituents in groundwater.
·Concentrations of the inorganic compounds sodium and chloride are decreasing at wastewater disposal sites but increasing farther downgradient in the aquifer. For example, chloride disposed of at the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center in the mid-1990s has moved about 3 miles south, where it was found at the highest concentrations in wells near the Central Facilities Area.
·Trend test results indicated an increasing trend for carbon tetrachloride, a VOC, at the Radioactive Waste Management Complex Production Well for the period 1987-2012. However, trend analyses of data collected since 2005 show no statistically significant trend, indicating that engineering practices designed to reduce movement of VOCs to the aquifer may be working.
An upcoming USGS study will apply these water-quality trend data to statistically optimize the monitoring well network at the INL Site. That process could identify wells that could be eliminated from the network, thereby reducing overall network costs.
[출처 = Water World / 2015년 2월 20일]
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[기술동향] [Fibrelite] 남극대륙 전문 폐수처리시스템에 향상된 트렌치커버 공급
[Fibrelite] 남극대륙 전문 폐수처리시스템에 향상된 트렌치커버 공급
GRP·FRP 합성 맨홀뚜껑 및 지하수 감시 시스템 제조업체인 Fibrelite가 남극 대륙에서 전문 폐수처리시스템을 건설 중인 엔지니어링 팀에 트렌치 커버(trench cover)를 공급했다.
바다에 배출되기 전 시커먼 폐수를 처리하도록 고안된 이 처리 시스템은 남극 지방에서의 사용을 위해 제조됐으며, 간편한 처리를 위해 경량 뚜껑을 사용했다.
[원문내용]
Specialist Antarctic wastewater treatment system receives advanced trench covers
Fibrelite, a manufacturer of GRP/FRP composite manhole covers and underground containment systems, has supplied trench covers for an engineering team constructing a specialist wastewater treatment system in Antarctica.
The treatment system, designed for treating black and grey wastewater before discharging it into the sea, had been manufactured for use in the Antarctic region and required lightweight covers for easy access. As such, Fibrelite\'s range of standard trench covers was identified as the solution and became an integral part of the design.
Working with the lead designer from the start, Fibrelite was able to manufacture the covers to fit the specific sizes required. In harsh conditions in the Antarctic, ease of access was critical, and a major benefit to the installation was that the covers were lightweight. With such extreme temperatures, the other benefit of GRP properties being non-corrosive and not affected by temperature variations was also critical.
For operators working within the facility, safety is also critical. As such, the covers are lifted regularly to ensure that the system is working efficiently. Durable and strong, every cover is manufactured using high technology resin transfer moulding production methods to create a highly engineered, monolithic composite product.
Fibrelite\'s range of standard and bespoke trench covers are available in a variety of load ratings and a wide selection of sizes to replace traditional cast iron or concrete versions. Designed as a \'fit-and-forget\' product, the maintenance-free covers provide easy and safe access to the essential equipment.
[출처 = Water World / 2015년 2월 13일]
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[기술동향] [미국] 텍사스, 부자연스러운 물 공급 문제 다루기 위해 신기술 실행
[미국] 텍사스, 부자연스러운 물 공급 문제 다루기 위해 신기술 실행
세계적인 신용평가회사 Fitch Ratings에 따르면 텍사스 수도시설이 부자연스러운 물 공급 문제를 다루기 위해 점점 신기술에 의존하고 있는 추세이다. 이 시설은 지속되는 가뭄과 빠른 인구증가로 인한 압박을 간신히 견디고 있는 상황이다. 물 수요가 새 공급을 앞서면서, 민관협력으로 시행된 새로운 인프라 구축뿐만 아니라 직접음용재생수(DPR) 및 담수화 같은 기술이 시설의 부담을 덜어줄 해결책으로 제시되고 있다.
텍사스에서 Colorado강 지자체 수자원구역과 Wichita폭포는 하루 수요의 30~40%에 해당되는 약 700만 갤런의 물을 제조하는 DPR을 실행했다. DPR은 식수기준을 충족하기 위한 폐수처리 과정으로, 대수층이나 저수지 같은 환경적 완충제의 사용 없이 처리수를 민물 수자원과 섞는다.
Fitch\'s U.S.의 공공재정부 차장 Teri Wenck는 “텍사스주의 물 시설은 수요의 증가와 가뭄 사이에서 줄다리기를 하고 있는 상황으로, 혁신은 가장 합리적인 선택”이라며 “창조적인 물 재활용 및 재사용 방법을 찾는 것은 가뭄으로 고통받는 지역에 미래를 보장해 줄 것”이라고 말했다.
[원문내용]
Texas implementing new technologies to address strained water supplies
According to new Fitch Ratings, Texas water utilities are increasingly relying on new technologies to address strained water supplies as the state grapples with the diverging pressures of continued drought and rapid population growth. As demand for water has outpaced new supply, technologies such as direct potable reuse (DPR) and desalinization, as well as new infrastructure funded by public-private partnerships (PPPs) such as San Antonio\'s Vista Ridge Pipeline, have emerged as solutions to ease the burden on utilities.
In Texas, the Colorado River Municipal Water District and Wichita Falls, for example, have implemented DPR, which provides about 7 million gallons of water per day (MGD) between the two entities, or between 30 to 40 percent of daily demand. DPR is the process of treating wastewater effluent to drinkable standards, then mixing the treated water with raw water supplies without the use of an environmental buffer such as an aquifer or reservoir.
"As water utilities around the state deal with the tug-of-war between growth and drought, their choice to innovate is more than sensible," said Teri Wenck, associate director of Fitch\'s U.S. public finance department. "Finding creative ways to recycle, reuse or share water may be the future for drought-stricken communities" (see: "Battling Water Scarcity: DPR Poised as Future of Water Recycling").
Despite the benefits, DPR can face significant hurdles in public perception and often comes with a high price tag. The cost of Colorado River Municipal Water District\'s water plant for DPR totaled $12 million, whereas Wichita Falls totaled $13 million. Desalinization, while not new in Texas, has also resurfaced as a solution, with the San Antonio Water System breaking ground on a three-phase, $411-million project that will eventually yield up to 30 MGD.
As other water retailers such as El Paso and McAllen look to diversify their water sources, final costs remain to be seen. Proposition 6, approved by Texas voters in November 2013, made $2 billion from the state\'s rainy day fund available for qualifying programs associated with future water supplies. Other programs such as San Antonio\'s Vista Ridge Pipeline have turned to PPPs to fund necessary infrastructure.
[출처 = Water World / 2015년 2월 9일]
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[기술동향] [미국] USGS 맵핑 툴, 표층수 수문학 데이터 분석에 대한 새 방법 제시
[미국] USGS 맵핑 툴, 표층수 수문학 데이터 분석에 대한 새 방법 제시
미국 지질연구소(USGS)가 지하수 및 표층수 수문학 데이터의 분석에 대한 편리하고 유익한 새 방법을 발표했다.
‘지하수(GW) 툴 박스’라고 불리는 이 GIS 기반의 그래픽 및 맵핑 인터페이스는 기저유량(base flow), 지표류, 하천유량 데이터로부터의 지하수 충전 등 평가에 대한 USGS 소프트웨어의 획기적인 발전이다. GW 툴 박스는 USGS와 교정국에 의해 개발된 몇 가지 분석 방법을 함께 제시한다.[원문내용]USGS mapping tool offers new method to analyze surface water hydrologic dataThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has released a convenient and informative new method for the analysis of groundwater and surface-water hydrologic data.Called the Groundwater (GW) Toolbox, the GIS-driven graphical and mapping interface is a significant advancement in USGS software for estimating base flow (the groundwater-discharge component of streamflow), surface runoff and groundwater recharge from streamflow data.The GW Toolbox brings together several analysis methods previously developed by the USGS and Bureau of Reclamation. Each of the methods use daily streamflow data automatically retrieved from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) for more than 26,000 streamgage sites across the nation.In addition to streamflow data, the GW Toolbox also facilitates the retrieval of groundwater-level and precipitation time-series data from the NWIS database. The software will be of use to engineers, academia and government agencies at all levels for the analysis of many of the water-budget components of a typical watershed.The intensively visual interface will help shed light on water availability and hydrologic trends in response to climate and land-use changes and variability in these watersheds. The GW Toolbox runs in a Microsoft Windows environment and includes the Base Flow Index (BFI), HYSEP and PART hydrograph-separation methods to estimate base flow and surface runoff and the RORA and RECESS methods to estimate groundwater recharge.[출처 = Water World / 2015년 1월 22일]
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[기술동향] [가나] 토고와 식수 파이프라인 프로젝트 서명
[가나] 토고와 식수 파이프라인 프로젝트 서명
가나와 토고 정부가 가나의 Volta강 하류에서 토고 Lome 시까지 식수를 보내는 공급 파이프라인의 건설에 대한 MOU에 서명했다.
토고의 지하수 공급에 대한 스트레스를 완화할 것으로 기대되는 이 파이프라인 프로젝트로 인해 약 400만 명의 인구가 혜택을 볼 것으로 예측된다. 아프리카 개발은행(AFDB)에 따르면 과잉개발로 인한 자원고갈의 가장자리에서 그들의 수질은 점점 악화되어 가고 있다.
[원문내용]Drinking water pipeline project signed between Ghana and TogoThe governments of Ghana and Togo have signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) for the construction of a pipeline to bring drinking water from the lower Volta River in Ghana to the city of Lome in Togo.Around four million people are expected to benefit from the pipeline project, which is hoped to alleviate stress on Togo’s groundwater supplies. On the verge of depletion due to overexploitation, their quality is now deteriorating, according to the African Development Bank (AFDB).The Ghana Water Company will act as the executing agency of the public-private partnership (PPP) project, which will receive a €1.4 million grant from the African Water Facility.A further €700,000 will be provided by the African Legal Support Facility (ALSF), with a €100 million expected to be accumulated from the private sector for the project.In December WWi reported that the Ghana 60,000 m3/day desalination has now been completed (watch Desalinate newscast).Akissa Bahri, coordinator at AWF, said: “The signing of the MoU marks the beginning of the realisation of an idea hatched in the 1970s to provide sustainable drinking water from Sogakope in Ghana to the residents of Lome as well as the Ghanaian communities along the transboundary pipeline.”Following the signing of the MoU, a feasibility study, as well as environmental impact assessment will now take place.[출처 = Water World / 2015년 1월 12일]
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